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1.
Define Microprocessor?
Microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable, clock-driven, register
based electronic device that reads binary instructions from a storage
device called memory, accepts binary data as input and processes data
according to those instructions, and provides as output.
2.
What is Hardware and Software?
The physical components of the system i.e. computer are called Hardware.
Group of programs is called software.
3.
Why the microprocessor is viewed as a programmable Device?
Microprocessor is programmable because it can be instructed to perform
given tasks within its capability. Microprocessor is designed to
understand and execute many binary instructions.
4.
What is Central processing Unit ( CPU ) ? And Write the use of it.
CPU is a heart of
the computer. Central processing Unit controls the operation of the
computer. In a microcomputer the CPU is a microprocessor. The CPU
fetches binary coded instructions from memory, decodes the
instructions into a series of simple actions and carries out these
actions in a sequence of steps.
5.
What is a chip?
A chip is also
called an integrated circuit. Generally it is a small, thin piece of
silicon onto which the transistors making up the microprocessor have
been etched. A chip might be as large as an inch on a side and can
contain tens of millions of transistors. Simpler processors might
consist of a few thousand transistors etched onto a chip just a few
millimeters square.
6.
What is mini computer?
Scaled down
versions of mainframe computers are often called minicomputers. The
main unit of a minicomputer usually fits in a single rack or box. A
mini computer runs more slowly, works directly with smaller data words
and does not have as much memory as mainframe. computers of this type
are used for business data processing, industrial control and
scientific research
7.
What is System Bus?
The System bus is a communication path between the microprocessor and
peripherals. It is nothing but a group of wires to carry bits.
8.
What is Address Bus?
The address bus
consists of 16, 20, 24 or 32 parallel signal lines. On these lines the
CPU sends out the address of the memory location that is to be written
to or read from. The number of memory locations that the CPU can
address is determined by the number of address lines. If the CPU has N
address lines, then it can directly address 2N memory
locations. Simply, we can say that Address Bus is used to carry the
address.
9.
What is Data Bus?
The data bus
consists of 8, 16, or 32 parallel signal lines. The data bus lines are
bidirectional. This means that the CPU can read data in from memory or
from a port on these lines, or it can send data out to memory or to a
port on these lines. Simply we can say that data bus is used to carry
the data .
10.
What is Assembly
Language?
A medium of
communication with a computer in which programs are written in
mnemonics. Binary instructions are given abbreviated names called
mnemonics, which form the assembly language for a given processor.
11.
What is Machine
Language?
The binary medium
of communication with a computer through a designed set of
instructions specific to each computer.
12.
Define Embedded Systems:
Embedded systems
are those used to control specialized hardware in which the computer
system is installed.Microprocessor is the final product and is not
available for reprogramming to the end user. E.g. Copying machine
13.
What is Bit-Slice processor?
For some Applications , general purpose CPUs such as the 8080 and 6800
are not fast enough or do not have suitable instruction sets. For
these applications ,several manufacturers produce devices which can be
used to build the custom CPU. This family includes 4 bit ALUs,
multiplexers, sequencers and other parts needed for custom building a
CPU. The term slice comes from the fact that these parts can be
connected in parallel to work with 8 bit words, 16- bit words, or 32
bit words.
14.
What is microcontroller?
Microcontroller
is a Device that includes microprocessor, memory and I/O signal lines
on a single chip, fabricated using VLSI technology.
15.
Write about the importance of instruction set of Z80 8bit
microprocessor?
Instruction set 158 basic instructions . Instruction set is the most
powerful set among the 8 bit microprocessors. It does not include two
serial I/O instructions. It includes block I/O instructions
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